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Read the given passage and answer the question  : Organic compounds containing amine as functional group are present in a vivid variety of compounds, namely amino acids, hormones, neurotransmitters, DNA, alkaloids, dyes, etc. Drugs including nicotine, morphine, codeine and heroin, etc. which have physiological effects on humans also contain amino group in one form or another. Amines are basic because of the presence of lone pair of electrons on nitrogen. Addition of nitrogen into an organic framework leads to the formation of two families of molecules, namely amines and amides. As chemistry students, we must appreciate the versatility of nitrogen. Give one point of difference between acidic and basic amino acid.
 

Acidic amino acids- They have more number of carboxyl groups than amino groups. whereas

Basic amino acids- have more number of amino groups than carboxyl groups.

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Out of the following, the strongest base in aqueous solution is 
Option: 1 Methylamine 
Option: 2 Dimethylamine 
Option: 3 Trimethylamine 
Option: 4 Aniline

The strongest base in aqueous solution is Dimethylamine, hence option B is correct 

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Which of the following methods of preparation of amines will not give the same number of carbon atoms in the chain of amines as in the reactant?

(i) The reaction of nitrite with LiAlH_{4}.

(ii) The reaction of the amide with LiAlH_{4} followed by treatment with water.

(iii) Heating alkyl halide with potassium salt of phthalimide followed by hydrolysis.

(iv) Treatment of amide with bromine in the aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.

Option (iv) is the correct answer.

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Which of the following should be most volatile?

(i) II

(ii) IV

(iii) I

(iv) III

Option (ii) is the correct answer.

Explanation: The boiling points of 1° and 2° amines are higher than 3° amines because of intermolecular H-Bonding. They are also less volatile than 3° amines and hydrocarbons of similar molecular mass.

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The correct decreasing order of basic strength of the following species is _______. H_{2}O, NH_{3}, OH^{-}, NH_{2}^{-}

(i)\; NH_{2}^{-}>OH^{-}>NH_{3}>H_{2}O

(ii)\; OH^{-}>NH_{2}^{-}>H_{2}O>NH_{3}

(iii)\;NH_{3}>H_{2}O>NH_{2}^{-}>OH^{-}

(iv)\;H_{2}O>NH_{3}>OH^{-}>NH_{2}^{-}

Option (i) is the correct answer.

Explanation: The electronegativity of O is more than N atom; therefore, O-H bond is more polar than N-H bond. Therefore, O-H is more acidic than the N-H bond. NH_{2}^- and OH^-, both have a negative charge, and because of that, they are more basic than NH_{3} and H_{2}O.

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Among the following amines, the strongest Brönsted base is __________.

Option (iv) is the correct answer.

Explanation: NH_{3} is a stronger base than aniline because of the delocalisation of the lone pair of electrons at N-atom and into the Benzene Ring. And in Pyrrole, as the lone pair electrons on N-atom donate to aromatic sextet formation, it is not basic at all. Hence, Pyrrolidine accepts the proton readily while also being the strongest base.

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Which of the following compounds is the weakest Brönsted base?

 

Option (iii) is the correct answer.

Explanation: All the amines have a tendency to accept protons, therefore are stronger Bronsted Bases than phenols and alcohols. And since phenol is much more acidic than alcohol, Phenols have fewer tendencies to accept any proton. Hence the weakest.

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The best method for preparing primary amines from alkyl halides without changing the number of carbon atoms in the chain is

(i) Hoffmann Bromamide reaction

(ii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis

(iii) Sandmeyer reaction

(iv) Reaction with NH_{3}

Option (ii) is the correct answer.

Explanation: To get primary amines from alkyl halide without changing the number of carbon atoms, Gabriel Phthalimide synthesis is used.

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The reaction ArN_{2}^+Cl^{-} \overset{Cu/HCl}{\rightarrow} ArCl + N_2+ CuCl is named as _________.

(i) Sandmeyer reaction

(ii) Gatterman reaction

(iii) Claisen reaction

(iv) Carbylamine reaction

Option (ii) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

 

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Acid anhydrides on reaction with primary amines give ____________.

(i) amide

(ii) imide

(iii) secondary amine

(iv) imine

Option (i) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

\\(a)C_{2}H_{5}NH_{2}+\left ( CH_{3}CO \right )_{2}O\rightarrow CH_{3}CONHC_{2}H_{5}+CH_{3}COOH \\

                                                                            N-Ethylacetamide

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